Analisis Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sampah di Kota Samarinda : Problematisasi Kebijakan Dengan Pendekatan WPR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24258/jba.v12i1.213Abstract
This study emphasizes on document critical analysis on waste management policy in Samarinda Municipality, namely Municipality Regulation # 2 / 2011. Drawing on Bacchi’s WPR (What is the problem represented to be?) approach to policy analysis, this study reveals that management and citizen obedience are presented as two main issues in the policy to improve the quality of public and environmental health. On the management issue, the waste management policy is not effective to tackle the problem. It is because of poor capacity in transporting the waste, while the volume of waste production is higher than the transported one. Consequently, the uncollected waste in the city prevents the local government’s effort to create a clean and healthy environment. Then on the obedience issue, this policy sets sanctions for anyone who breaks the regulation. Unfortunately, this policy does not set public education as an important issue to improve citizens’ behaviour. Public education should be a bottom-up approach to support the effort to create a clean and healthy city.
Keywords: policy analysis, waste management, problematizations, WPR approach.
Kajian ini melakukan analisis kritis terhadap dokumen kebijakan pengelolaan sampah di Kota Samarinda, yaitu Perda No. 2 / 2011. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan WPR (What is the problem represented to be?) yang diperkenalkan oleh Bacchi, kajian ini mengungkapkan bahwa persoalan manajemen dan kepatuhan warga menjadi isu utama yang ditampilkan dalam kebijakan tersebut sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan masyarakat dan lingkungan. Dari sisi manajemen, kebijakan pengelolaan sampah di Kota Samarinda tidak berjalan efektif untuk menjawab persoalan. Hal ini terbukti dengan masih rendahnya kapasitas pengangkutan sampah dibandingkan dengan volume produksi sampah sehingga sebagian sampah tidak terangkut. Sisa sampah ini menjadikan upaya menciptakan lingkungan yang bersih dan sehat tidak terwujud. Kemudian dari sisi kepatuhan, kebijakan ini mengatur sanksi terhadap masyarakat yang melanggar Perda. Namun, kebijakan ini tidak menyentuh edukasi publik sebagai isu penting untuk mengubah perilaku masyarakat. Edukasi publik seharusnya bisa dijadikan sebagai pendekatan bottom-up untuk mendukung upaya pemerintah kota menciptakan lingkungan yang bersih dan sehat.
Kata kunci: analisis kebijakan, pengelolaan sampah, problematisasi, pendekatan WPR.
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